Coalbed Methane Development in the Intermountain West: Producing Energy and Protecting Water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Coalbed methane (CBM) is a source of natural gas that is of growing importance as a domestic source of energy at a time when demand is rapidly increasing and output from some conventional sources of natural gas has peaked.Since natural gas is the cleanest burning fossil fuel, producing only about one-half the carbon dioxide emissions of coal, there is great interest in switching from coal to natural gas in order to reduce the threat of disruptive climate change.Since virtually all of the gas used in the United States is supplied either domestically or from Canada, it contributes to national energy security.Natural gas provides twenty-four percent of the energy used in the United States and twenty-seven percent of total domestic production. 2 Natural gas is used to produce sixteen percent of the electricity generated in the United States, and the fastest growing use of natural gas is to produce electricity.'CBM accounts for seven percent of total natural gas production and
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".