Working-Class, Korean-American Women Navigating Marriage Through Evangelical Christianity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examines how working-class, Korean-American, evangelical women navigate patriarchal marriage through evangelical Christianity, based upon in-depth interviews with 17 women working-class, Korean-American, evangelical women in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. While the growing body of literature on religion, gender, and Asian-American marriage investigates women’s rejection of patriarchal traditions through the practice of religions, current research literature fails to capture socioeconomically less privileged women’s use of religion in their marriage. The findings of this study show that working-class, Korean-American women use evangelical teachings and faith to negotiate their power in marital conflict and the division of household labor, to encourage husbands’ involvement with family, and persuade family members’ into becoming committed evangelical Christians. These women did so by bargaining gender expectation with husbands’ religious commitment, taking primary responsibility of housework, becoming submissive, and creating invisible resistance to their husbands. In such processes, women employ the act of prayer to negotiate gender relations and bring reform to their husbands’ behavior. The research findings suggest that religion plays an important role in dealing with problems in working-class, Asian-American women’s marriage and further improving their family life. By exploring working-class, Korean-American women’s complex motives and intentions of maintaining traditional gender relations and negotiating gender relations using evangelical Christianity, this study addresses the significance of religion in pious Asian-American women’s marriage and their use of religion in culture and class-specific ways.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".