Significance of plasma osteopontin (OPN) as a biomarker in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
e17020 Background: Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding glycoprotein and its upregulation plays an important role in cancer progression. We analysed plasma OPN levels in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue (SCCT) patients, and healthy controls. We evaluated the relationship between plasma OPN level and outcome to therapy in the patients. Methods: Plasma OPN levels in 54 patients of SCCT and 18 healthy controls were measured by ELISA method. All participants gave written consent to participate in the study. Patients were subjected to chemo-radiotherapy using tele-cobalt radiotherapy machine (Theratron 780 C, AECL, Ottawa). A dose of 70 Gy of radiation was delivered to all the patients in 7 weeks with 2 Gy fraction size, 5 days a week by shrinking field technique. Chemotherapy was given in the form of Inj cisplatinum 30 mg/m2 IVI weekly, during the course of treatment with hydration, diuresis and anti-emetics. The data was analysed by using SPSS version 11.5 software. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The plasma OPN levels of the SCCT ranged from 29.53 ng/mL- 514.52 ng/mL (mean and SE; 229.94 ± 21.96 ng/mL), which were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than those of the controls which ranged from 12.45 ng/mL- 109.46 ng/mL (mean± SE; 50.69 ± 6.83 ng/mL). The patients with advanced T stage (T3/T4 vs.T1/T2) and positive N status (N +ve vs N-ve) had significantly higher plasma levels of OPN (p < 0.0001 and 0.001 respectively). The Kalpan-Meier survival curves for overall survival of patients with advanced T stage, positive N status or advanced TNM stage were significantly lower than that of patients with early T stage, negative N status or early TNM stage, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that OPN may be a predictive biomarker for poor outcome to radio-chemotherapy (95% CI = 0.081–0.293, p < 0.005). Conclusions: Our results suggested that the evaluation of plasma OPN levels may be a useful biomarker for diagnosis and prediction of response to radio-chemotherapy in SCCT.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".