Use of High-Strain Dynamic Testing to Efficiently Design and Construct Bridge Foundations in Glacial Soils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The design of driven piles in glacial tills and outwash soils is frequently conservative in regards to pile length and foundation cost and ineffective in accurately characterizing the soil-pile interaction. Technology such as high-strain dynamic testing can be utilized to more efficiently and sustainably design and construct deep foundation systems. High-strain dynamic testing was utilized in a design-build project in the Minneapolis/St. Paul metropolitan area to characterize the properties of the soil-pile interaction and more economically construct the substructure foundations. At each substructure, initial drive and restrike tests were performed on 12 ¾-inch outside-diameter, steel, closed-ended pipe piles driven into glacial soils. The unit side resistances and unit end bearing resistances were determined from wave matching analyses using CAPWAP on restrike and/or initial drive data. The differences in the predicted and measured unit side resistance and unit end bearing resistance in glacial till and outwash soils for driven pile are discussed. For the seven structures currently completed, the actual driven pile lengths varied from 24.9 percent greater to 50.7 percent less than the expected lengths and the driven pile lengths were shortened on average by approximately 3.9 percent corresponding to an overall cost savings of approximately $98,000.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".