153. Facial Emotion Recognition in Individuals With Schizophrenia With or Without Social Anxiety
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Social anxiety is highly prevalent in individuals with schizophrenia with studies suggesting rates from 15% to 30%. This study aimed at determining if social anxiety was linked to specific emotion perception deficits and to specific social functioning deficits. We hypothesized that individuals with schizophrenia and more social anxiety would have worse social functioning and would be better at recognizing facial emotions of fear or anger than individuals without social anxiety, because they are more likely to have an attentional bias towards those emotions. Methods: 47 participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, average age of 38 (SD 9.7) were recruited in the Psychotic program (outpatient service) of a large psychiatric hospital in Montreal (IUSMM). The assessments included measures of facial recognition (Eckman; FEIT), facial discrimination (FEDT), ToM (Cartoon Stories), social anxiety (SIAS, BSPS), psychiatric symptoms (BPRS), and social functioning (SFS and role-plays). Results: 22 (47%) of participants rated as significantly socially anxious according to the SIAS. Between group comparisons revealed that those with social anxiety did indeed have worse social functioning, particularly in the domains of interpersonal communication (t(45) = 2.28, P = .025) and engagement (in conversations; t(45) = 2.89, P = .000). Participants with high social anxiety also had more difficulties in recognizing neutral emotional faces, compared to individuals with schizophrenia without social anxiety (t(31) = 2.19, P = .036). Although not specific to social anxiety, results on the facial emotional tasks were correlated with specific social functioning domains (e.g., those with poor facial recognition overall had fewer recreational (r = −.49) and social activities, r = −.56). The results were not linked to negative symptoms of schizophrenia or to psychiatric symptoms (BPRS). In the role-play, individuals with social anxiety were better than those without social anxiety at recognizing 2/4 of the emotions targeted (joy and anger, χ2 = 3.58, P = .05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that specific comorbidities, such as social anxiety, might affect facial emotional recognition, particularly for neutral emotions. More studies are warranted in order to determine whether social anxiety brings an attentional bias, therefore making individuals more prone to seeing emotions (even when not present). This study did confirm that social anxiety and facial emotional recognition have an important impact on social functioning and should be targeted in treatments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".