Health resource utilization and patient burden associated with SREs in a randomized controlled trial setting.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
e19514 Background: Bone metastases (BM) are common in patients (pts) with solid tumors and may result in skeletal related events (SREs) such as spinal cord compression (SCC), pathologic fracture (PF), surgery to bone (SB), and radiation to bone (RT). SREs result in significant morbidity, debilitating pain, decreased health-related quality of life and increased health resource utilization (HRU). Data from 3 registrational phase 3 trials that showed superiority of denosumab over zoledronic acid in patients with solid tumors and BM were combined to assess HRU associated with different SRE types. Methods: Data through 41 weeks for pts with solid tumors and ≥ 1 BM enrolled in these randomized, active-controlled trials were included in this posthoc analysis. HRU were evaluated by SRE type and data were compared between pts with ≥ 1 on-study SRE and those not experiencing an on-study SRE. The index date for pts with on-study SREs was defined as the date that the first SRE was reported. The median time from randomization to incidence of first SRE for each SRE type was used to establish an index date for the control (no SRE) group. The HRU window encompassed a 3-month period (i.e.1 month before and 2 months after the index date) and was assessed by mean number of various types of medical visits during this window. Results: Data from 5,543 pts were included. PF was the most common type of first SRE (n=1,017), followed by RT (n=940), SCC (n=156), and SB (n=74). 3,618 pts did not have an on-study SRE. For all types of medical visits, HRU was higher for pts with an on-study SRE than those without (Table). Conclusions: SREs are associated with increased health resource utilization, reflecting an increased burden for patients with solid tumors and bone metastases. [Table: see text]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.049 | 0.057 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".