285 Effects of prebiotic or organic acid supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and plasma cytokines of weaned pigs housed under poor sanitary conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Weaning causes changes in intestinal functions that may induce postweaning diarrhea (PWD) in newly weaned pigs. Dietary supplementation of feed additives such as prebiotics or organic acids may reduce PWD and was evaluated in 160 pigs (7.6 ± 0.9 kg BW) that were weaned at 20 d of age and housed in pens with 4 pigs. Pigs were housed under poor sanitary conditions created by spreading pooled feces from the sow herd in pens 1 d before and 1 wk after pigs were placed into pens that were not cleaned prior to or during the entire study. Diets were formulated without antibiotics and growth promoters to provide 2.42 Mcal NE/kg, 5.18 g standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys/Mcal NE, and 21.7% CP. One week after weaning, pens blocked by areas in rooms were randomly assigned for 3 wk to 5 test diets: 1 basal diet (negative control) containing corn, wheat, canola meal, and soybean meal and 4 test diets formulated by adding 1 of the following feed additives to the basal diet: β-glucan + Zn (0.02 and 0.05%), 0.25% mannan oligosaccharides (MOS), and 1.20% potassium diformate (HCO2K [KdiF]). Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block using the mixed procedure with test diet as the fixed term and block as the random term. Following the trial start, PWD (measured as % d within wk of diarrhea incidence) increased (P < 0.001; time effect) and then declined (23, 52, and 28% for wk 1, 2, and 3, respectively) but did not differ among diets. Supplementation of KdiF increased (P < 0.05) ADG by 13%, final BW by 8.5%, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, CP, and GE by 3%, and predicted dietary NE value by 4% compared with the control. Supplementation of β-glucan + Zn tended to increase (P < 0.10) G:F by 11% during wk 1 and increased (P < 0.05) ATTD of DM, CP, and GE by 3% and predicted dietary NE value by 3% compared with the control. Supplementation of MOS did not affect performance, ATTD of nutrients, or predicted dietary NE value. Supplementation of β-glucan + Zn, MOS, and KdiF did not affect plasma IFN-γ and IL-1β. In conclusion, KdiF enhanced growth performance and nutrient digestibility, β-glucan + Zn enhanced nutrient digestibility but did not affect growth, and MOS did not affect any variable. Although not affecting PWD in weaned pigs housed under poor sanitary conditions, dietary supplementation of organic acid increased nutrient digestion and enhanced growth whereas dietary prebiotics did not.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".