Severe brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome is associated with hypercoagulability in dogs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We evaluated whether dogs with severe brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) developed a hypercoagulable state similar to people with obstructive sleep apnea. Five dogs with grade 3 BOAS were included as well as 5 healthy control Labrador Retrievers. Venous blood samples were collected from each dog for performance of thromboelastography and determination of hematocrit and platelet count. Groups were compared using a t-test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Thromboelastography results identified that all BOAS dogs were hypercoagulable compared to the Labradors, having significantly shortened clotting time with increased angle, maximal amplitude, and clot rigidity. BOAS dogs also had evidence of delayed fibrinolysis. These results are consistent with, but more severe than, those previously documented in apparently healthy Bulldogs. Together, these findings support the presence of a hypercoagulable state in brachycephalic dogs, and suggest that this state is amplified by increasing severity of BOAS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".