Thermal Expansion Behavior of M<sup>I</sup>[AuX<sub>2</sub>(CN)<sub>2</sub>]-Based Coordination Polymers (M = Ag, Cu; X = CN, Cl, Br)
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two sets of trans- [AuX 2 (CN) 2 ] − -based coordination polymer materials—M[AuX 2 (CN) 2 ] (M = Ag; X = Cl, Br or M = Cu; X = Br) and M[Au(CN) 4 ] (M = Ag, Cu)—were synthesized and structurally characterized and their dielectric constants and thermal expansion behavior explored. The M[AuX 2 (CN) 2 ] series crystallized in a tightly packed, mineral-like structure featuring 1-D trans- [AuX 2 (CN) 2 ] − -bridged chains interconnected via a series of intermolecular Au···X and M···X (M = Ag, Cu) interactions. The M[Au(CN) 4 ] series adopted a 2-fold interpenetrated 3-D cyano-bound framework lacking any weak intermolecular interactions. Despite the tight packing and the presence of intermolecular interactions, these materials exhibited decreased thermal stability over unbound trans- [AuX 2 (CN) 2 ] − in [ n Bu 4 N][AuX 2 (CN) 2 ]. A significant dielectric constant of up to ε r = 36 for Ag[AuCl 2 (CN) 2 ] (1 kHz) and a lower ε r = 9.6 (1 kHz) for Ag[Au(CN) 4 ] were measured and interpreted in terms of their structures and composition. A systematic analysis of the thermal expansion properties of the M[AuX 2 (CN) 2 ] series revealed a negative thermal expansion (NTE) component along the cyano-bridged chains with a thermal expansion coefficient (α CN ) of −13.7(11), −14.3(5), and −11.36(18) ppm·K –1 for Ag[AuCl 2 (CN) 2 ], Ag[AuBr 2 (CN) 2 ], and Cu[AuBr 2 (CN) 2 ], respectively. The Au···X and Ag···X interactions affect the thermal expansion similarly to metallophilic Au···Au interactions in M[Au(CN) 2 ] and AuCN; replacing X = Cl with the larger Br atoms has a less significant effect. A similar analysis for the M[Au(CN) 4 ] series (where the volume thermal expansion coefficient, α V, is 41(3) and 68.7(19) ppm·K –1 for M = Ag, Cu, respectively) underscored the significance of the effect of the atomic radius on the flexibility of the framework and, thus, the thermal expansion properties.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it