Monovalent versus Divalent Cation Diffusion in Thiospinel Ti<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Diffusion coefficients ( D ) for both Li + and Mg 2+ in Ti 2 S 4 were measured using the galvanic intermittent titration technique (GITT) as a function of both ion concentration ( x ) and temperature. During discharge at 60 °C, D Li descends gradually from 2 × 10 –8 cm 2 /s at x Li ≈ 0 to 2 × 10 –9 cm 2 /s at x Li ≈ 1.9. In contrast, D Mg decreases sharply from 2 × 10 –8 to 1 × 10 –12 cm 2 /s by x Mg ≈ 0.8. This kinetic factor limits the maximum practical discharge capacity of Mg x Ti 2 S 4 . The difference in behavior vis a vis Li + implies that either increasing Mg 2+ occupation of the tetrahedral site at x Mg > 0.6 and/or interactions between diffusing cations play a larger role in mediating the diffusion of divalent compared to monovalent cations. Diffusion activation energies ( E a ) extracted from the temperature-dependent data revealed that E a,Mg (540 ± 80 meV) is about twice that of E a,Li (260 ± 50 meV), explaining the poorer electrochemical performance of Mg x Ti 2 S 4 at room temperature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".