Micro-Oxygenation and Fining Agent Treatments: Impact on Color of Moroccan Red Press Wine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Red press wine is collected after pressing solid parts (seed and skin) of grapes pomaces.Higher pressure induces more colorful, astringent, bitter and rustic wines.This is caused by the presence of undesirable phenolic compounds.To overcome this problem, the most common practice used in wine industry is the oenological treatment which enhances the clarity, stability and the wine taste.In the present work, press wines were separately submitted to four different treatments: micro-oxygenation and the addition of three fining agents: gelatin, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) and pea protein.The phenolic total index decreased (8%) significantly (P<0.05) for gelatin treatment, the PVPP based formulation treatment led to the largest loss (8%) in color intensity, (12%) in redness (a*), (9%) in polymeric pigments and increasing to 9% lightness (L*).Unlike micro-oxygenation which has decreased (5%) the color intensity.For the monomeric anthocyanins, the greatest reduction of acylated and coumaroylated anthocyanins at bottling and glucoside anthocyanidins after five months of storage was observed for both basic PVPP and gelatin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".