Phylogeny of<i>Cladonia uncialis</i>(<i>Cladoniaceae</i>, Lecanoromycetes) and its allies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The species fromCladoniasectionUncialesare characterized by the absence of squamules and soredia on the corticate podetia and the presence of usnic acid. Different subspecies, varieties and forms have been distinguished in the type speciesC. uncialis. In this study, a molecular phylogeny ofCladonia uncialisand members of the traditionally recognized sectionUnciales, along with additional potentially allied species, was constructed. DNA sequences from three gene loci, namely ITS rDNA, IGS rDNA andß-tubulin, were analyzed using Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian methods. Eleven species were analyzed for the first time using DNA sequence data.Cladonia uncialissubsp.uncialisand subsp.biuncialiswere recognized as distinct taxa. The recognition ofC. pseudostellataas a species was not supported by the analyses, but it represents a hypothamnolic acid chemotype, which is reported here as new to Europe (Scotland). The presence of subsp.biuncialisin North America (Newfoundland) was substantiated. The subsp.uncialisusually lacks squamatic acid, but in the eastern United States a morph referred to as subsp.uncialisdoes normally contain that acid. However, this morph did not attain taxonomic recognition based on phylogenetic analyses. All the other taxa formerly included in sect.Uncialesturned out to belong to other groups ofCladonia, mainlyAmaurocraeae,Borya,Divaricatae, andPerviae.The formerly recognized genusCladina(reindeer lichens) is non-monophyletic, consisting of three groups withinCladonia, making the conceptCladinaeven nomenclaturally useless. Alternative topology tests rejected the monophyly ofC. pseudostellata, sectionUncialesandCladina.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".