Clinical effectiveness of currently available low-vision devices in glaucoma patients with moderate-to-severe vision loss
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this trial is to study the effectiveness of currently available low-vision devices in glaucoma patients with moderate-to-severe vision loss. Design: This is a randomized pilot clinical trial. Participants: Sixteen low-vision glaucoma patients participated in this study. Methods: Patients with a best-corrected visual acuity between 20/70 and 20/400 in the better eye and a diagnosis of stable primary or secondary open-angle glaucoma were randomized to a low-vision treatment group or a nonintervention control group. A telephone interview was conducted before and after the 4-week testing period to assess functional vision. Patients placed in the treatment group received a low-vision examination and used various currently available low-vision aids. Patients placed in the control group received a low-vision examination only. Changes in patients’ reading ability and overall visual ability were chosen as the primary outcomes. Other visual functioning domains (mobility, visual information processing and visual motor skills) were considered as secondary outcomes. Results: Ten patients in the treatment group showed a significant improvement in reading ability and overall visual ability compared to the control group. The difference in mean score for reading ability was 2.52 logits (2.02; P <0.05) and overall visual ability was 0.78 logits (0.64; P <0.05). However, no significant improvement was noted in the other visual functioning domains involving mobility and visual motor skills. Conclusion: Currently available low-vision devices primarily enhance central vision with limited benefits to functional activities relying on peripheral vision. Keywords: low vision, glaucoma, quality of life, activities of daily living A Letter to the Editor has been received and published for this article.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".