EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SHOCK INITIATION IN MIXTURES OF MANGANESE AND SULFUR
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Equimolar mixtures of manganese powder and sulfur at different starting densities were tested in two different types of steel recovery capsules in order to study the shock initiation phenomenon in Self‐Propagating High‐Temperature Synthesis (SHS) mixtures. Two different sizes of Mn particles were used for these experiments, <10 μm and −325 mesh (<44 μm). This mixture was selected due to the large exothermic heat release of the manganese‐sulfur reaction (214 kJ/mol), which causes the reaction to be self‐sustaining once initiated. The test samples were placed in planar recovery capsules and a strong shock was delivered via the detonation of a charge of amine‐sensitized nitromethane. Various shock strengths were achieved by placing different thicknesses of PMMA attenuator discs between the explosive charge and the capsule. The results confirmed that shock‐induced reactions can be produced in highly non‐porous mixtures. It was also found that shock interactions with the side walls of the recovery capsule can play a significant role in the initiation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".