Bibliographic record
Abstract
J.H. van’t Hoff’s seminal paper variously titled as either: Chemistry in Space, The Placement of Atoms in Space or other with similar wording, depending on the language it was published in, suggested that the structure of a molecule would be independent of its physical state: solid, liquid, vapor, gaseous, or in solution. However, this is definitely not true so much so that during the last decades many examples have accumulated showing that the structure of a molecule in a crystalline solid can differ substantially from its structure in solution. This would have important consequences not only on how molecules are structurally described and the way they react, but also that molecular symmetry may not be a static property and has to be considered from a dynamic point of view. To add additional evidence to this conception, we took advantage of a family of trans-1,4-di- and tetra-substituted cyclohexane derivatives that appear to have a centre of symmetry but show a substantial dipole moment in solution. In the present work, we used the trans-1,4-dicarboxymethylcyclohexane and its 1,4-dibrominated derivative and were able, through dipole moment determinations IR, Raman, NMR studies, and computational calculations with the SpinWorks, MOPAC, and MOLDEN programs, to confirm our assumption that the molecular symmetry and the molecular structure are dependent on the environment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".