0446 CARDIOVASCULAR CONSEQUENCES OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN WOMEN: A CLINICAL COHORT STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previously, we reported that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increased the risk for cardiovascular (CV) events in a longitudinal cohort, but had insufficient power to examine for differential effects by sex. The current study investigates sex differences in this relationship. Clinical data on adults referred with suspected OSA who underwent a diagnostic sleep study at a large urban academic hospital (Toronto, Canada) between 1994 and 2010 were linked to provincial health administrative data from 1991 to 2015. Cox regression was fit to investigate the association between OSA and a composite CV outcome (hospitalization due to myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or death from any cause) controlling for traditional risk factors. In total, 10,149 subjects were included: median age 49, 38% women, median apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 16 events per hour. At baseline, women were more likely to report waking unrefreshed, morning headaches and restless legs; men were more likely to report snoring and witnessed apnea. Women tended to have a milder REM-predominant OSA; men were more likely to have severe position-dependent OSA given similar age and BMI. Over a median follow-up of 9.4 years, 1,719 participants (516 women) developed the composite outcome. Controlling for known risk factors, having >30% vs. ≤30% of total sleep time spent with SaO2<90% was associated with the composite CV outcome in both women (HR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.08–2.08) and men (HR = 1.32; 1.07–1.63); however, the effect was significantly stronger in women (p = 0.04 for interaction). In a large clinical cohort with suspected OSA, severity of OSA, as measured by the degree of nocturnal hypoxemia, was associated with long-term CV consequences in both men and women. However, the association was stronger for women than for men. These findings have potential implications for risk stratification and treatment of OSA patients. 2015 CHEST Foundation Research Grant in Women’s Lung Health; Canadian Respiratory Research Network fellowship training award; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, which is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-term Care.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".