0732 NIGHTMARE DISTRESS IS NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN FRONTAL AREAS DURING AN IAPS PICTURE-VIEWING TASK
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research has shown that nightmare-related distress (NMD) may better explain the association between nightmares (NM) and psychopathology than NM frequency, but its neurophysiological correlates remain unknown. As part of a brain imaging project exploring the neural correlates of NM in frequent NM sufferers, we investigated if NMD is related to activity in regions hypothesized to be involved in NM production (Nielsen & Levin, 2007). We predicted NMD would correlate with reduced activity (i.e. regional cerebral blood flow) in bilateral prefrontal areas known to down-regulate fear processes governed by the amygdala, i.e., anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices. We also expected NMD to be correlated with reduced activity in the hippocampus and increased activity in the amygdala. We used high resolution 99m-Tc-ECD SPECT imaging to assess regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 21 frequent NM sufferers (NM: 24.9 ± 4.5 yrs (18 W)) during the viewing of negative pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). We correlated Nightmare Distress Questionnaire (NMDQ) scores with rCBF using a significance threshold of p < .005 (uncorrected) and a cluster threshold of k > 100. Significant negative correlations were observed between NMDQ scores and rCBF in bilateral insula (t = 4.1 and 4.37), bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (t = 4.49 and 5.42), left precentral gyrus (t = 3.54), left medial prefrontal cortex (t = 4.63), and bilateral putamen (t = 4.55 and 4.37). No correlations were observed with the amygdala or hippocampus and no positive correlations were found. Findings partially support our hypothesis. Reduced rCBF in these prefrontal regions involved in affect regulation could reflect a cross-state emotion regulation deficit, which also leads to more distress during dreaming. Our results also reveal reduced activity in regions for which a regulatory role in affective response during dreaming is unclear (insula, putamen), but for which research has demonstrated anatomical and/or functional alterations in PTSD. Supported by research grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Fonds de recherche Québec-Santé (FRQS).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".