Meal residual oil level and heat treatment after oil extraction affects the nutritive value of expeller pressed canola meal for broiler chickens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This experiment determined the effects of expeller-pressed canola meal (EPCM) residual oil (10% vs. 14%) and heat treatment at 115 °C for 25 min on the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) value and amino acid (AA) digestibility for broilers. Day-old male chicks (six per cage) were fed six test diets (five cages per diet) from 14 to 21 d using the substitution method in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Increasing EPCM oil content from 10% to 14% increased (P < 0.05) EPCM AMEn value by 287 kcal kg−1. There was heat treatment by oil level interaction (P < 0.05) on standardized ileal digestibility of arginine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, threonine, and valine for EPCM in which heat treatment of the low oil EPCM reduced (P ≤ 0.0012) the digestibility of all these AA, but heat treatment of the high oil EPCM only reduced lysine digestibility. In conclusion, heat treatment of EPCM reduced its AMEn value and digestibility of some AA. The AA digestibility of EPCM with low oil was reduced more by heat treatment than EPCM with high oil content, implying that the negative effects of heat treatment on AA digestibility increases with a decrease in residual oil content in EPCM.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".