Numerical Simulation of Direct Contact Membrane Desalination in Conjugate Heat Transfer Configuration: Role of Membrane Conductivity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Abstract- Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) is modeled using the conjugate heat transfer Navies-stokes flow model. A uniform salty and relatively hot feed and colder fresh permeate flow are driven by the peristaltic pump are considered in parallel configuration across the membrane. Depending on the membrane parameters (permeability, thickness, pour size, and conductivity) the resulted temperature difference leads to a pressure gradient responsible for the vaporizing fraction of the feed and transport to the permeate side through the hydrophobic membrane. Under different flow conditions and membrane conductivity mass flux, heat flux, temperature polarization, and thermal efficiency are evaluated. Results showed a good agreement with the published theoretical work on the mass flow this followed with sensitivity study to two parameters one is operational and the other is designed to gain a better understanding of the system performance and metrics including temperature polarization, convective and conductive heat flux, and associated latent heat of evaporation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".