Continuity of Care for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Among Refugees: Challenges and Opportunities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: To review and document the challenges faced by different stakeholders - refugees, humanitarian organizations and host countries of refugees in accessing and providing continuity of care (management, informational and relational) for chronic non-communicable diseases among refugees. Method: A scoping review of the literature was conducted. Grey literature sources and academic databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Global Health, ELDIS Gateway to Development Information, Canadian Health Research Collection were searched from January 2006 to July 2016, focusing on refugees (and other key words) and chronic non-communicable diseases. Thematic analysis of the articles was conducted inductively. Results: The search yielded a total of 3,771 articles, of which, 40 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review. The emergent themes were categorized under the three areas of continuity of care for each stakeholder in the humanitarian context. Some emergent themes or challenges include language barriers, low socio-economic status, lack of sustainable financing and international aid, clinical management failures, competing priorities, low education and literacy levels, lack of research and robust data. An awareness of these challenges provides opportunities for reform of research, policy and clinical practice to ensure the prompt, optimal and sustained care of chronic non-communicable diseases among the refugee population. Conclusion: The findings of this review highlights the interconnected challenges of accessing and providing continuity of care for chronic non-communicable diseases among refugees. Further and more contextualized research of the topic and actions are to be taken to overcome the identified challenges and gaps in order to create a more holistic approach to the effective planning, implementation and delivery of health care services to refugees with chronic non-communicable diseases.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.017 | 0.064 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".