An energy simulation study of wall systems for Canadian Arctic Homes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes a parametric assessment of energy usage budgets for selected building envelope assemblies. The simulation study was conducted as part of a project to develop building envelope assemblies that are energy efficient and durable under extreme cold outdoor climates and indoor conditions typically found in these climes. Energy costs in northern Canada are high especially in the Arctic where communities are accessible only by air or boat or ice roads. Energy efficiency is therefore a primary objective here however this objective must be balanced with transportation and construction costs, which are also high. The objective of the simulation study was to compare the energy performance of proposed high performance wall assemblies with typical baseline wall assemblies. Four high performance walls were compared with two baseline walls, one a wall typical of low latitude regions, and the second a typical arctic wall assembly. Seven locations were selected for analysis, 2 representing western, 2 representing central, and 3 representing eastern arctic conditions. Three buildings were simulated, a fully detached home, a middle unit of a multiunit residence, and an end unit of a multiunit residence. A model for estimating the change in energy consumption with changes in wall thermal conductance was developed. Obviously the most highly insulated wall system exhibits the best performance with respect to space heating consumption. Recommending a wall type was outside the scope of this study but within the scope of the larger project. The objective of this work was to provide a method to easily determine change in space heating consumption due to a change in wall construction, which can then be used as the basis for a total life cycle assessment of the proposed walls.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".