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Record W2612194845

Performance of a liquid manure injector in a soil bin and on established forages

2001· article· en· W2612194845 on OpenAlexaffabout
Shafiqur Rahman, Y. Chen, Q. Zhang, S. Tessier, S. K. Baidoo

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldAgricultural and Biological Sciences
TopicRuminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Manitoba
Fundersnot available
KeywordsBinManureSoil waterInjectorEnvironmental scienceLiquid manureForageFertilizerDisturbance (geology)Soil scienceHydrology (agriculture)AgronomyGeotechnical engineeringGeologyMathematicsEngineeringBiologyGeomorphology
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Rahman, S., Chen, Y., Zhang, Q., Tessier, S. and Baidoo, S. 2001. Performance of a liquid manure injector in a soil bin and on established forages. Canadian Biosystems Engineering/Le genie des biosystemes au Canada 43: 2.33-2.40. In this study, a liquid manure injector was tested both in a soil bin and in three established forage fields containing heavy clay and sandy soils. The injector featured sweep cutting tools behind Y-shaped coulters. In the soil bin, cutting forces and soil disturbance were measured for a single tool with coulter (WC) and without coulter (WOC) at three injection depths (50, 100, and 150 mm) and two tool forward speeds (0.56 and 1.40 m/s). In the forage fields, the injection unit with eight sweeps with coulters was tested at two depths (D1=80 to 90 and D2=110 to 150 mm) and three manure application rates (R1=28, R2=56, and R3=112 m3/ha). Soil disturbance, odour, and ammonia concentration in air above the ground following manure injection, and forage yields were measured. In the soil bin, the draft force and soil disturbance for both WC and WOC increased significantly with increased injection depth, and the speed effect was only significant for the WOC. Overall, more draft force and soil disturbance was observed for the WC than for the WOC arrangement. The effect of the Y-shaped coulter in front of the sweep was noticeable as the vertical force increased significantly below 100 mm. In the field study, soil disturbance increased significantly with injection depth in the sandy soils. No significant differences in odour concentrations were observed between treatments R3D1 and R2D2. However, manured plots had higher odour concentrations than the initial background levels. Ammonia emission was detected above the soil surface only for the treatment R3D1 in the clay soil. Forage yields were not significantly affected by injection depth or manure application rate. The combinations of the highest application rate and greatest injection depth increased the yield when compared to the control plot. Forage yield reduction was observed as the result of grass damage associated with the tillage operation of the injector. Un enfouisseur de lisier a ete etudie a la fois dans un bac de sol et trois differents champs de plantes fourrageres sur des sols sableux et argileux. L’enfouisseur consistait en un chisel en V precede d’un coutre bombe en forme de Y. Dans le bac de sol, les forces resultantes du cisaillement du sol et le derangement du sol furent mesurees pour un outil avec (WC) ou sans (WOC) coutre pour trois profondeurs d’enfouissement (50, 100 et 150 mm) ainsi que deux vitesses d’avancement (0,56 et 1,40 m/s). Dans les chaumes de plantes fourrageres, une rampe d’epandage comprenant huit enfouisseurs, incluant les coutres, fut evalue a deux profondeurs (D1, variant entre 80 et 90 mm et D2, entre 110 et 150 mm) et trois taux d’application de lisier (R1, R2 et R3 correspondant a 28, 56 et 112 m3/ha). Des donnees sur le derangement du sol, la concentration d’odeur et d’ammoniac dans l’air a la surface du sol suivant l’enfouissement du sol, ainsi que les rendements des plantes fourrageres furent recueillies. Les essais en bac du sol montrent l’effort de tirage et le derangement du sol pour WC et WOC augmentent avec une profondeur d’enfouissement accrue, mais que l’influence de la vitesse n’est significative que pour WOC. L’effort de tirage est generalement plus eleve pour WC que pour WOC. L’action du coutre forme en Y precedant le chisel en V s’exprime plus clairement par une force verticale elevee a des profondeurs au dela de 100 mm. En plein champs, le derangement du sol s’accroissait notablement avec la profondeur d’enfouissement dans le sol sableux. Aucune difference au niveau des concentrations d’odeurs ne fut detectee entre les combinaisons R3D1 et R2D2. Cependant, les concentrations d’odeurs au sol suivant l’epandage etaient plus elevees que pour les echantillons temoins recueillis avant les essais. On a pu detecter des concentrations mesurables d’ammoniac au sol que pour la combinaison R3D1 sur le sol argileux. Les rendements en fourrages n’ont pas ete influences par la profondeur d’enfouissement ni par le taux d’application. Toutefois, la combinaison R3D2 a favorise des rendements plus eleves relativement au traitement de reference, qui n’a pas recu de lisier. On a remarque que le travail du sol occasionne par les enfouisseurs endommageaient les plantes fourrageres au point d’en reduire leur rendements.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.013

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.017
GPT teacher head0.221
Teacher spread0.205 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations21
Published2001
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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