Housing and Stress: Examining the physical and mental health differences between homeless and formerly homeless individuals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper examines differences in physical and mental health between homeless individuals living in shelters, and formerly homeless individuals living in government-assisted housing. Utilizing Homelessness Management Information System (HMIS) data from Calgary, Canada, this study finds no significant difference in mental health between the two groups. However, regardless of housed status, past stress exposure negatively influences both current physical and mental health. Formerly homeless individuals in housing were more likely to report having a physical ailment compared to those in the homeless shelter. Furthermore, individuals in housing appear to have a greater exposure to stressors, yet their mental health is no worse than those in the homeless shelter. Housing may protect against the deleterious effects of cumulative stressors on current physical and mental health. This would appear to support the belief of Housing First policy, that access to housing is the first step to eliminating homelessness in an individual’s life. Keywords: Housing First approach; Homelessness; Housing policy Resume Cet article examine les differences en sante mentale et physique entre les personnes sans-abri et vivant dans des refuges pour les sans-abris, et les personnes qui auparavant etaient sans-abri et vivent presentement dans des logements subventionnes par le gouvernement. Cette etude utilise des donnees du Systeme d’information sur les personnes et les familles sans-abri de Calgary, Canada, pour conclure qu’il n’existe pas de difference significative en sante mental entre les deux groupes. Par contre, independamment de leur statuts de logement, avoir ete expose a des facteurs de stress dans le passe, affectait negativement la sante mentale et physiques des individus dans le present. Les personnes vivants dans des logements subventionnes sont plus aptes a rapporter avoir des problemes physiques comparer aux personnes vivants dans des refuges pour personnes sans-abri. De plus, les personnes vivants dans des logements subventionnes semblent avoir plus de facteurs de stress malgre le fait que leur sante mentale est tout aussi bonne que celle des personnes vivant dans des refuge pour personnes sans-abri. Avoir un logement pourrait proteger contre les effets nefastes des facteurs de stress cumulatifs sur la sante mentale et physique. Ces resultats semblent soutenir les politique suivant une approche « priorite au logement », qui propose qu’avoir acces a un logement est la premiere etape pour eliminer l’itinerance dans la vie des personnes sans-abri. Mots-Clefs: Approche priorite au logement; itinerance; politique de logement
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".