GSK-3 Beta Inhibition More Strongly Blocks Acquisition Than Expression of Amphetamine-produced Conditioned Place Preference in Rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) has been implicated in behavioural sensitization and incentive learning. The signaling molecule glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), activated downstream of DA D2-like receptors, affects DA-mediated behaviours. For example, inhibition of GSK-3β attenuates locomotor sensitization to psychomotor stimulant drugs. Few studies have examined the effects of GSK-3β inhibition in incentive learning paradigms. We examined the effects of GSK-3β inhibition on incentive learning produced by amphetamine (1.5 mg/kg) in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. The selective GSK-3 inhibitor SB 216763 was administered intraperitoneally to male Wistar rats at doses of 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5 mg/kg during the acquisition or expression phase. Due to studies more strongly implicating signaling molecules in acquisition rather than expression of learning, we hypothesized a block of acquisition of CPP at doses that fail to block expression of CPP. Results supported this hypothesis: the 1.0 mg/kg dose of SB 216763 failed to block either acquisition or expression of CPP; the 2.0 mg/kg dose blocked acquisition, but not expression of CPP; and the 2.5 mg/kg dose blocked both acquisition and expression of CPP. These results indicate that inhibiting GSK-3β may attenuate incentive learning differentially in acquisition versus expression of conditioning. (Funded by NSERC)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".