Toranagallu Mound: Provenance of Unusual Glassy Materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Slag-like material from a mound of uncertain origin near the town of Toranagallu in the Bellary District of Karnataka, was analysed with the purpose of determining its origin. The material exemplifies ‘ash mounds’ of Neolithic age, which are abundant in the Deccan plateau and surrounding areas of Peninsular India. The material is porous and glassy, with abundant diopside crystallites in a rather homogeneous glassy matrix. Bulk analyses by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), XRF and ICP-based methods, including ICPMS of REE, plus in situ electron-probe microanalysis (EPM) of the glass and crystallites provide chemical and mineralogical constraints on possible origins. The analytical results suggest that the sample may represent residue from a glass-making operation. This result defines one use of the mound, but leaves open the possibility that a range of other activities may have contributed to the mound’s development over a protracted time span.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".