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Record W2615774577 · doi:10.4000/lisa.3504

Emily and Charlotte Brontë’s Re-reading of the Byronic hero La réécriture du héros byronien par Emily et Charlotte Brontë

2010· article· en· W2615774577 on OpenAlexaff
Cristina Cerón

Bibliographic record

VenueDOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · 2010
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicThomas Hardy Literature Studies
Canadian institutionsNovelis (Canada)
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLiteratureHEROPsycheNarrativePassionRelation (database)MythologyMeaning (existential)Reading (process)AppropriationIntertextualityHistoryPhilosophyArtPsychologyLinguistics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The widespread popularity of Byron’s work during the Victorian age introduced several subversive possibilities for reading his characters as icons of transgression and insights into the literary tabooed. For Victorian novelists, one of the most intriguing aspects of his works was his obsessive explorations of literal or symbolic sibling incest, as the possibility that desire arises from an identification between male and female versions of the same psyche. Emily Brontë’s reading of Byron privileges this dark side of the literary myth, and her main focus is on the mysterious identity and Gothic aspects of the Byronic hero. Even though several critics have actually labelled the character of Heathcliff as ‘Byronic hero’, the debate has not delved into the textual or thematic evidence of the relation between Brontë’s protagonist and Byron hypertexts. My paper aims at investigating Brontë’s reading of Byron’s works, in particular her indebtedness to Manfred and to the relationship between Manfred and Astarte for the creation of the morbid passion experienced by Heathcliff and Catherine. The study will concentrate on Brontë’s appropriation and emphasis on the Gothic elements presented in nuce in Manfred, such as the spectral nature of Astarte, or the supernatural aspects of Manfred’s nature, whose will supersedes even Fate. My hypothesis is that Brontë makes use of these aspects of Byron’s characters with the precise aim of setting the Gothic element as alternative narrative mode, as the subversive element inside a realistic novel. On the contrary, in spite of some juvenile experiments on the gothic, Charlotte’s reading of the Byronic hero is much more framed within the conventions of the realistic novel, and in the second section of my essay I maintain that what comes to the fore in Jane Eyre is the unsurpassed mastery the novelist shows in the combination of the realistic plot with the gothic elements and features of the protagonists. Far from enacting mere Romantic passion, the relationship between Jane and Rochester, just like Catherine’s liaison with Heathcliff, follows the textual dynamics of the Gothic romance, in that the woman falls prey to the more or less demonic instincts of her lover, suffers from the violence of his feelings and at the end is entangled by his thwarted passion, even though when we read the domestic happy ending we tend to forget the gothic matrix of the story… La popularité considérable dont jouissait l’œuvre de Byron pendant l’ère victorienne fut à l’origine de plusieurs lectures subversives considérant ses personnages comme des icônes de la transgression ou des aperçus de figures littéraires proscrites. Pour les romanciers victoriens, un des aspects les plus déroutants de son œuvre se trouvait dans ses explorations obsessionnelles de l’inceste fraternel – littéral ou symbolique – révélant la possibilité que le désir naisse d’une identification entre les versions masculine et féminine d’un même psychisme. La lecture que fit Emily Brontë de Byron privilégie ce côté sombre du mythe littéraire et se concentre essentiellement sur l’identité mystérieuse et les aspects gothiques du héros byronien. Même si plusieurs critiques ont en réalité classé le personnage de Heathcliff comme héros byronien, le débat ne s’est pas appesanti sur les preuves textuelles ou thématiques du lien entre le protagoniste brontëen et les hypertextes de Byron. Cet article entend creuser la lecture que fit Brontë des œuvres de Byron, en particulier l’inspiration qu’elle puisa dans Manfred et dans la relation entre Manfred et Astarte pour créer la passion morbide qu’éprouvent Heathcliff et Catherine. L’analyse se concentrera sur la manière dont Brontë se réapproprie et accentue les éléments gothiques que présente Manfredin nuce, tels que la nature spectrale de Astarte ou les aspects surnaturels de la nature de Manfred, dont la volonté supplante même le destin. Mon hypothèse est que Brontë utilise ces aspects des personnages byroniens dans le but précis de proposer l’élément gothique comme un mode narratif alternatif, comme l’élément subversif au sein d’un roman réaliste. Au contraire, bien que s’étant essayée au gothique dans ses écrits juvéniles, Charlotte offre une lecture du héros byronien qui cadre beaucoup plus avec les conventions du roman réaliste, et dans la deuxième partie de mon essai, j’affirme que ce qui est mis en avant dans Jane Eyre, c’est la maîtrise inégalée dont la romancière fait preuve dans la combinaison de l’intrigue réaliste et des éléments et traits gothiques des personnages. Loin d’illustrer une simple passion romantique, la relation entre Jane et Rochester, tout comme la liaison entre Catherine et Heathcliff, répond à la dynamique textuelle de la romance gothique, dans le sens où la femme devient la proie des instincts plus ou moins démoniaques de son amant, endure la violence de ses sentiments et se retrouve finalement prise au piège de sa passion contrariée, même si le dénouement heureux tend à faire oublier la matrice gothique de l’histoire…

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.060
Threshold uncertainty score0.119

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0070.012
Scholarly communication0.0060.003
Open science0.0010.003
Research integrity0.0030.006
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0060.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.099
GPT teacher head0.454
Teacher spread0.354 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations2
Published2010
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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