Behavior of a Sensitive Clay in Isotropically Consolidated <i>Ko</i>-Drained Triaxial Tests
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper presented experimental results obtained in isotropically consolidated K̇o-drained triaxial tests on a lightly overconsolidated sensitive clay from Louiseville (Quebec). For the tests that start near the origin, the results showed that the response of the structured clay can be divided into three distinct phases of deformation. At low mean effective stress levels, the value of K̇o ranged between 0.2 and 0.3, and the shear stress varied linearly with strain. A critical shear stress was reached at the end of the first phase of deformation. At intermediate stress levels, the clay behaved like a plastic material, with K̇o = 0 and the shear stress remained approximately constant during deformation. At high stress levels, the clay becomes normally consolidated with K̇o = 1 − sin ϕ′, where ϕ′ is the friction angle of the destructured clay. However, the clay does not become normally consolidated for vertical effective stresses just in excess of the vertical preconsolidation pressure σ′vp. Rather, the effective vertical stress must exceed 1.36 σ′vp for the clay to reach a normally consolidated state. Comparisons were made with test results obtained on other sensitive clays of Eastern Canada, which showed a response similar to that of Louiseville clay.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".