Striped magnetic ground state of the kagome lattice in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Si</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Sn</mml:mi><mml:mn>7</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>16</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have experimentally identified a different magnetic ground state for the kagome lattice, in the perfectly hexagonal ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}$ ($3{d}^{6},\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}S=2$) compound ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{4}{\mathrm{Si}}_{2}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{7}{\mathrm{O}}_{16}$. A representational symmetry analysis of neutron diffraction data shows that below ${T}_{N}=3.5$ K, the spins on $\frac{2}{3}$ of the magnetic ions order into canted antiferromagnetic chains, separated by the remaining $\frac{1}{3}$ which are geometrically frustrated and show no long-range order down to at least $T=0.1$ K. M\"ossbauer spectroscopy confirms that there is no static order on the latter $\frac{1}{3}$ of the magnetic ions---i.e., they are in a liquidlike rather than a frozen state---down to at least 1.65 K. A heavily Mn-doped sample ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{1.45}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2.55}{\mathrm{Si}}_{2}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{7}{\mathrm{O}}_{16}$ has the same magnetic structure. Although the propagation vector $q=\left(0,\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}\right)$ breaks hexagonal symmetry, we see no evidence for magnetostriction in the form of a lattice distortion within the resolution of our data. We discuss the relationship to partially frustrated magnetic order on the pyrochlore lattice of ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$, and to theoretical models that predict symmetry breaking ground states for perfect kagome lattices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.011 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.595 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".