Black dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm accessions with resistance to prevalent races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Genetic diversity of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Canadian breeding programs is low. Cultivars, especially black beans, generally lack resistance to anthracnose. One hundred and fifty-five black bean accessions originating from twenty countries were evaluated for their resistance to races 73 and 105 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara, the predominant races of the bean anthracnose pathogen in Canada. Artificial inoculation in growth chambers identified 39 accessions that were resistant to race 73, of which 33 were also resistant to race 105. Only one accession was susceptible to race 73 and resistant to 105. The resistant lines from the collection were also screened with genetic markers closely associated with known anthracnose resistance genes. At least one of the major resistance loci, Co-1, Co-2, Co-3, Co-4, and Co-5, was indicated to be present in all except four accessions. The majority of resistant accessions appeared to carry at least one or two major resistance loci. The black bean accessions with anthracnose resistance will provide much-needed breeding materials and expand genetic diversity for Canadian and international dry bean improvement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".