Seasonal and interannual variability in along‐slope oceanic properties off the US <scp>W</scp>est <scp>C</scp>oast: Inferences from a high‐resolution regional model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A 6 year, 2009–2014 simulation using a 2 km horizontal resolution ocean circulation model of the Northeast Pacific coast is analyzed with focus on seasonal and interannual variability in along‐slope subsurface oceanic properties. Specifically, the fields are sampled on the isopycnal surface kg m−3 that is found between depths of 150 and 300 m below the ocean surface over the continental slope. The fields analyzed include the depth , temperature , along‐slope current , and the average potential vorticity PV between 26.5 and 26.25 kg m−3. Each field is averaged in the cross‐shore direction over the continental slope and presented as a function of the alongshore coordinate and time. The seasonal cycle in shows a coherent upwelling‐downwelling pattern from Mexico to Canada propagating to the north with a speed of 0.5 m s−1. The anomalously deep ( m) displacement in spring‐summer 2014 is forced by the southern boundary condition at 24°N as a manifestation of an emerging strong El Niño. The seasonal cycle in is most pronounced between 36°N and 53°N indicating that subarctic waters are replaced by warmer Californian waters in summer with the speed close 0.15 m s−1, which is consistent with earlier estimates of the undercurrent speed and also present analyses. The seasonal patterns and anomalies in and find confirmation in available long‐term glider and shipborne observations. The PV seasonality over the slope is qualitatively different to the south and north of the southern edge of Heceta Bank (43.9°N).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".