Bibliographic record
Abstract
Northern Frac Proppants, LLC (NFP) announced a multi-year agreement to supply Northern White frac sand to CARBO Ceramics' new processing plant in western Wisconsin, US. NFP is also building a 145-acre (0.58km 2 ) sand mine and processing plant adjacent to CARBO's sand processing and resin-coating plant in Marshfield, Wisconsin. At the end of April, London's historic Stationers' Hall played host to IM's Proppant Prospects for Europe Roundtable, where among other topics, the security of proppant supply in Europe was discussed. Clive Mitchell at the British Geological Survey said: UK is nearly self-sufficient in silica sand (...) there are 40 sand quarries in the UK producing 4m tonnes of silica sand. In July, a new Alberta, Canada-based frac sand terminal, owned by specialty chemicals company Di-Corp., begun to benefit from Canadian National Railway (CN) services. The 20-acre (0.08km 2 ) frac sand terminal has an annual throughput capacity of 550,000 tonnes frac sand.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.067 | 0.046 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".