Multivariate Analysis of Biomarker Responses in European and American Yellow Eels in the Gironde and St. Lawrence Estuaries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study is part of an international program ‘IMMORTEEL’ investigating the possible contribution of habitat contamination in the decline of Atlantic eels. Biomarker responses and muscle concentrations of persistent organic contaminants (POPs) were examined in European eels (Anguilla anguilla) and American eels (Anguilla rostrata) in the Gironde and St. Lawrence Rivers basins. In 2011 and 2012, yellow eels were collected at two reference sites (Certes and Dordogne in France and Rivière Sud-Ouest and Rivière Saint-Jean in Quebec, Canada) and two contaminated sites (Garonne and Gironde in France and Lake Saint-Pierre and Lake Saint François in Quebec). Principal component analysis was useful to discriminate effects of natural ecological gradients and anthropogenic contaminant gradients on biological responses, over a large geographic scale. Patterns of contamination differed markedly between France and Quebec, with higher PCB concentrations relative to other POPs from France. In 2012 but not in 2011, hepatic ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase induction and increased density of splenic melanomacrophage centers were detected in eels from Garonne and Gironde compared to reference sites. In Quebec, morphometric characteristics were the major discriminant factors between upstream contaminated and downstream reference sites. Links between biomarker responses, exposure to other groups of contaminants and health impacts will be discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".