Clinical Significance of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Avid Prostate Gland Incidentalomas on Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of incidental focal uptake of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the prostate glands of cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective review of 3122 consecutive male patients who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT studies with an oncologic indication, over the course of four years, was performed. Studies with incidental 18 F-FDG uptake in the prostate gland were further analyzed. Results: Incidental 18 F-FDG uptake in the prostate gland was identified in 65/3122 men (2.1%). Sufficient follow-up data (12 months) were available in 53 patients, of whom 11 had a biopsy and 42 had clinical and imaging follow-up. Malignancy was histologically diagnosed in 4 out of 53 patients (7.5%). There was no statistically significant difference in 18 F-FDG uptake values between benign prostate lesions [maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max ) 7.3] and malignant ones (SUV max 7.2, p=0.95). There was a statistically significant difference between the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) of the benign group (n=24, PSA=2.7 ng/mL) and the malignant group (n=4, PSA=9.2 ng/mL, p<0.001). There was a direct correlation between SUV max and Gleason score. Conclusion: 18 F-FDG positive prostate incidentalomas were detected in 2.1% of oncologic PET/CT scans and of these 7.5% were malignant. SUV max was not useful for distinguishing between benign and malignant incidental prostate lesions. 18 F-FDG avid prostate incidentalomas on PET/CT should prompt a recommendation for obtaining a serum PSA and further investigation if serum PSA is elevated.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".