Gender Dysphoria in Iran: legal and Islamic Jurisprudence Perspectives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and Aim : Gender Dysphoria is the formal diagnosis of psychiatrists that is used to describe a person who has been seriously dissatisfied with his or her gender at birth or the gender role that the society considered for them. Some research and studies have been conducted related to investigating social and family dimensions and consequences of this disorder. Surveys and case studies have been done regarding the personality disorders, and personality patterns, and the adaptability of the role and sexual identity of these patients with their new gender, but there are still unanswered questions in this case. Thus, by investigating the legitimacy of sex change surgery in terms of jurisprudence and legal elements before and after sex change, this study tries to remove the ambiguity in this area. Materials and Methods : In this study, using keywords such as sex change, Gender Identity Diorder and ‘Gender Dysphoria’ in the jurisprudence and legal areas of SID, Google Scholar, Magiran, Noormags databases, the related resources were studied and analyzed. Ethical Considerations : Honesty and trusteeship were taken into consideration in the analysis of information and sources. Findings : There is no single perspective in terms of legitimacy or prohibition of sex change surgery among scholars and grand Ayatollahs. Some have absolutely permitted sex change surgery and some others believe that superficial sex change is not permissible without a creatural background. There is also a legal gap not only in the Islamic Penalty Code (IPC), but also in other Iranian laws on the provisions and conditions of sex change. This issue has raised ambiguity in the rights and duties of people seeking sex change surgery. This is while, in the laws of many other countries, this issue has been explicitly mentioned, and this framework greatly contributes many people with ‘Gender Dysphoria’ and removes confusions in this regard. Conclusion : In the Iranian law, the approval of laws regarding the provision of medical facilities, insurance services and the adoption of clear and transparent rules on the status of marriage, dowry, inheritance, custody and guardianship of children will remarkably contribute to the process of recognition of people with difficulties in sexual identity among men and women. Also when considering the genetic and biological factors that contribute to Gender Dysphoria, the promotion of the culture of dealing with the phenomenon of sex transfer applicants through raising awareness in the media is felt. Citation: Vahedi M. Alimardani A. Behrouzih MR. Rayejian Asli M. Gender Dysphoria in Iran: legal and Islamic Jurisprudence Perspectives. Bioeth Health Law J . 2017; 1(1):41-48.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".