Prenatal exposure to antimalarials decreases the risk of cardiac but not non-cardiac neonatal lupus: a single-centre cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Recent studies have suggested that prenatal exposure to HCQ reduces the risk of cardiac neonatal lupus. The aim of this study is to assess if maternal intake of antimalarials (AMs) throughout pregnancy lowered the risk of cardiac and non-cardiac neonatal lupus. Methods: Consecutive children seen between 1 January 1984 to 1 October 2013 born to women with a CTD and positive anti-Ro and/or anti-La antibodies were eligible for this single-centre retrospective cohort study. A total of 315 individuals were screened and 268 participants were included. Exposure to AMs was defined as HCQ or chloroquine throughout pregnancy. Outcomes were cardiac and non-cardiac neonatal lupus. Frequentist and Bayesian analyses were performed. We hypothesized that prenatal AM exposure would decrease the risk of cardiac but not non-cardiac neonatal lupus. Results: A total of 268 pregnancies were included; 73 were exposed to AMs throughout pregnancy. Ninety-nine children developed neonatal lupus, 117 remained unaffected and 52 children did not develop cardiac neonatal lupus but could not be categorized as unaffected since their full non-cardiac neonatal lupus status was unknown. Logistic regression suggested a protective effect of AM on cardiac neonatal lupus, but results were not statistically significant [odds ratio (OR) 0.21; P = 0.07]. Bayesian analysis showed that the probability of obtaining a protective effect (OR < 1.0) for cardiac neonatal lupus was significant (98.7%). The effect of AMs on non-cardiac neonatal lupus was not significant (OR 0.78; P = 0.21). Conclusion: In this large single-centre cohort study, exposure to AMs throughout pregnancy was associated with a decreased probability of developing cardiac but not non-cardiac neonatal lupus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".