Novel Design for a Simple and Affordable End-Effector for an Upper-Limb Prosthesis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An affordable prosthetic arm was designed to be used in underprivileged areas to allow more upper-limb amputees to have access to prosthetics that can help them regain their independence. The primary user of the prosthesis will be the amputee(s) who receive the device; beneficiaries include the amputee’s family and the community involved in the manufacturing of future prostheses. The customer requirements include cost-effectiveness, the ability to withstand humidity, cleanability, low maintenance, long life, lightweight, and the ability to perform simple tasks independently. A new end-effector was created that meets the range-of-motion required for the user to perform his/her required tasks. The end-effector is comprised of a PVC cap, PVC coupling, wooden ball holding the tool, and two wooden stop rings. The device screws onto the forearm PVC pipe and locks into place. Four end-effectors were created: toothbrush, fork, spoon, and pen. A change-out station was created to allow the user to independently attach and detach the different end-effectors. The total cost of the device was $20.66.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".