A new model for estimation of project total cost in construction projects
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a new framework for the cost estimation of construction projects concerning the significant issues that contractors may face through the life cycle of the projects. The proposed approach is basically constructed on the basis of cost estimation process in the earned value management (EVM) technique. However, it attempts to resolve the present shortcomings in EVM estimation process and take into the consideration the cost-related issues so-called financial issues such as delay in client payment, and the time value of money. Furthermore, in order to cope with the uncertain conditions of real situations, the presented model takes the advantage of fuzzy sets theory which is a well-known method in dealing with the situations where the uncertainty arises. The proposed approach not only extends the theoretical framework of EVM but also gives a real insight into the project future performance. Finally, ten illustrative cases related to construction projects are provided to compare the obtained results of proposed model with the results of the EVM estimation process and to demonstrate how the model can be implemented in real projects.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it