Absolute reconstruction of the closing of the Mongol‐Okhotsk Ocean in the Mesozoic elucidates the genesis of the slab geometry underneath Eurasia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Understanding the present‐day fast seismic velocity anomalies in the mantle requires an accurate kinematic reconstruction of past convergent tectonics. Using the paleomagnetism‐based absolute reconstruction method from Wu and Kravchinsky (2014), we present here the restoration of the closing of the Mongol‐Okhotsk Ocean (MOO) that existed between Siberia and North China‐Amuria (NCA) during the Mesozoic. Three stages, i.e., 250–200 Ma, 200–150 Ma, and 150–120 Ma, are identified from the time‐varying convergence rates of Siberia and NCA. The spherical distance between the suture margins was reduced by approximately 66.7% at an average convergence rate of 8.8 ± 0.6 cm/yr during the first stage at 250–200 Ma, when approximately 62.5–76.1% of the slabs associated with the MOO lithosphere were formed primarily through intraoceanic convergence. In the second stage at 200–150 Ma, the spherical distance was reduced by another 21.1% with a convergence rate of 3.6 ± 0.3 cm/yr. During this stage, approximately 14.2–30.9% of the MOO slabs were formed and continental‐oceanic convergence outpaced intraoceanic subduction. In the last stage at 150–120 Ma, the convergence rate dropped to approximately 0.4–0.6 cm/yr with the formation of approximately 4.6–9.8% slabs associated with the MOO lithosphere. The final closure of the remnant MOO basin could have been accomplished by 130–120 Ma, which explains the origin of the fast‐velocity anomalies inside the restored continents at 120 Ma near the suture margins.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".