A molecular investigation of Canadian Scytosiphonaceae (Phaeophyceae) including descriptions of <i>Planosiphon</i> gen. nov. and <i>Scytosiphon promiscuus</i> sp. nov.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Identification of macroalgae has been greatly facilitated by the use of molecular tools. Using the DNA barcode (COI-5P = 5′ end of cytochrome c oxidase 1), we have uncovered considerable genetic variation in Scytosiphon. Whereas only four species were recognized in North America [S. canaliculatus (Setchell & N.L.Gardner) Kogame, S. complanatus (Rosenvinge) Doty, S. dotyi M.J.Wynne, and S. lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link], mitochondrial COI-5P data resolved 11 genetic groups while nuclear ITS data, in combination with morphological observations, supported recognition of seven species. These seven groups were assigned to: Scytosiphon Atlantic complex, S. sp._J, S. canaliculatus, S. complanatus, S. dotyi, S. lomentaria, and S. promiscuus sp. nov. One of the two species of Scytosiphon most commonly reported in North America, S. dotyi, was absent in Canada. Overlooked variation was also uncovered among Canadian collections of Colpomenia and Petalonia, indicating cryptic diversity in these scytosiphonacean genera as well. Multigene phylogenetic analyses supported the transfer of Petalonia zosterifolia (Reinke) Kuntz, Scytosiphon gracilis Kogame, and S. complanatus to Planosiphon gen. nov. Further, the included species of Chnoospora and Colpomenia failed to form monophyletic groups indicating that substantial taxonomic work remains for this brown algal family.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".