Divergent roles for Ly6C+CCR2+CX3CR1+ inflammatory monocytes during primary or secondary infection of the skin with the intra-phagosomal pathogen Leishmania major
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Inflammatory monocytes can be manipulated by environmental cues to perform multiple functions. To define the role of monocytes during primary or secondary infection with an intra-phagosomal pathogen we employed Leishmania major-red fluorescent protein (RFP) parasites and multi-color flow cytometry to define and enumerate infected and uninfected inflammatory cells in the skin. During primary infection, infected monocytes had altered maturation and were the initial mononuclear host cell for parasite replication. In contrast, at a distal site of secondary infection in mice with a healed but persistent primary infection, this same population rapidly produced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in an IFN-γ dependent manner and was critical for parasite killing. Maturation to a dendritic cell-like phenotype was not required for monocyte iNOS-production, and enhanced monocyte recruitment correlated with IFN-γ dependent cxcl10 expression. In contrast, neutrophils appeared to be a safe haven for parasites in both primary and secondary sites. Thus, inflammatory monocytes play divergent roles during primary versus secondary infection with an intra-phagosomal pathogen.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it