S. aureus and E. coli induce IL-32 gene expression to different extents during infection of bovine mammary gland epithelial cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: While the role of many cytokines during infection is known, the implication of recently discovered cytokines is not well defined. The involvement of recently described interleukin-32 in infectious mastitis, caused by two prevalent mastitis pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, has not been investigated so far and we present initial results. Material and Methods: Two bovine mammary gland epithelial cells lines (BME-UV and PS) were infected with bovine infectious mastitis organisms E. coli or S. aureus. Using RT- qPCR the kinetics of IL-32, IL-6 and IL-8 gene expression was determined. Results: E. coli induces a weak IL-6 expression in BME-UV and a strong IL-6 expression in PS cells, while a faint IL-6 expression was observed during S. aureus infection in both cell lines. IL-8 expression was detected during the exposure to both pathogens with the strongest signal in E. coli-infected PS cells. Regarding IL-32 expression, different responses were observed in cells exposed to E. coli and S. aureus strains: while IL-32 expression was increased in both cell lines infected with E. coli, there was a decrease of IL-32 expression in cells exposed to S. aureus strains. Conclusion: Taking into account that endogenous IL-32 controls the production of IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α during some infection, the decrease of IL-32 expression in cells exposed to S. aureus, could be partially responsible for the weak immune response during staphylococcal infection, which may be favorable for the development of chronic mastitis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".