Digital Rock Approaches to Estimate the Impact of Early Quartz Cementation in Miocene Deepwater Sands Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quartz cement forming as syntaxial overgrowths is one of the most abundant cement type in sandstones. The rim and occluding cements develop around the surfaces of frame work grains and fill up pore spaces with no preferred orientation with grain surfaces. Imaging the various forms of quartz cement generation and development in 3D as it increases through time will help in further evaluation and better understanding of a reservoir in deep water sands in Niger Delta Basin.Petrographic analysis was performed on 10 Samples with micron resolutions of 0.675 and 0.337 per pixel. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) using the Cathoduluminiscence (CL) and Back Scattered Electron (BSE) was employed in delineating the detrital quartz from the syntaxial quartz cements. Image J Software and Scandium Software were employed in binarizing the BSE image samples and study the iteration porosity, final porosity and permeability. 3DSlicer software was employed to produce 3D images for better understanding of the impact of early cement in the deep water sands. Two Phase Flow Models was also generated for each samples to outlines the effect of cementation.Quartz cement reduces porosity and peremability significantly at early stages of quartz cementation. Small local quartz overgrowths do join and link together with increasing cement precipitation hence gradually impeding porosity and drastically reducing permeability. Modelled results showed similar trends and this is an indication that when analysing a top reservoir unit, once the cementation is more than 6% the possibility of it being a good reservoir is relatively low.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".