Effect of Damaged Starch and NaCl Level on the Dough Handling Properties of a Canadian Western Red Spring Wheat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of damaged starch and NaCl (1 and 2% w/w [flour weight]) on the dough handling properties of a wheat flour ( Triticum asetivum L. ‘Roblin’) were investigated with rheological and textural methods. Damaged starch levels of the base flour and three remilled flours (using reduction rolls with decreasing gap sizes) were 5.42, 6.23, 7.30, and 8.43%. Rheological measurements on the dough showed that the complex modulus increased and the loss tangent (tan δ) decreased with increasing damaged starch levels in the flour, indicating that greater amounts of damaged starch produced stiffer dough. The base flour produced doughs with the highest creep compliance value ( J max ), whereas the flour with the most damaged starch deformed the least. Higher levels of salt produced stiffer dough that deformed less, as evident by the higher complex modulus and lower creep compliance, compared with 1% NaCl. Damaged starch overall decreased dough stickiness (N), work of adhesion (N·s), and cohesiveness (mm). Increasing the salt content decreased the stickiness of the doughs. Increasing the damaged starch greatly increased dough extensibility at 1% NaCl. The greater amounts of damaged starch in the remilled flour mitigated some of the negative effects of reducing the salt content on the dough machinability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".