010 Effect of different surgical incisions and anesthesia methods on wound healing in recently weaned beef calves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A total of 48 recently weaned Angus crossbred bull calves (292 ± 19.1 kg BW) were used to evaluate the effect of types of anesthesia and surgical cuts on scrotal wound healing after castration. Calves were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design assessing surgical castration incisions (cut made with Newberry knife [K] vs. bottom cut made with scalpel [B]) and method of anesthesia injected 20 min before castration (local anesthesia injected in the spermatic cord, around the neck of the scrotum and testicles [L; lidocaine HCl 2%] vs. epidural [E; xylazine]) to yield KL, KE, BL, and BE (12 calves/group). Wound healing was assessed in all calves over a 63-d period after castration using maximum scrotal area temperature (MST; °C) assessed via infrared thermography, scrotal circumference (SC; cm), visual evaluation of swelling (SW; 5-point scale in which 0 = no swelling and 5 = increased degree of swelling with presence of pus), and healing of the incision site (HI; 5-point scale in which 1 = incision open without scabbing and 5 = incision completely healed). Data was collected 8 h after castration on d 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 17, and 21 after castration and weekly thereafter until the end of the study. Pain sensitivity was evaluated using a Von Frey anesthesiometer (g) following the same schedule. Data was analyzed using a mixed-effect model with incision, anesthesia, time, and their interactions as fixed effects and pen within animal as a random effect. An incision × time interaction (P < 0.05) was observed for MST, HI, and SW. The MST for B calves was greater (P < 0.05) on d 35, 56, and 63 compared with K calves. In addition, B calves tended to have greater HI scores (P = 0.06) on d 21, 28, and 35 than K calves, although no differences were observed at the end of the assessment period. In addition, from d 35 to 63, B calves had greater (P = 0.01) SW than K calves. Finally, calves administered local anesthesia tended to have greater scores for HI (P = 0.06) and lower SC (P < 0.001) than calves administered epidural anesthesia. No differences in pain sensitivity were observed between types of surgical incisions or methods of anesthesia. In summary, calves castrated using a Newberry knife and anesthetized using a local anesthetic healed faster and presented less swelling consistent with improved healing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".