G1900-1-3 Effect of heat transfer in supersonic region of Laval nozzle on thrust and specific impulse
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The variation of the thrust and the specific impulse was revealed numerically with calculating the change of the exhaust velocity. Both cooling and heating the propellant flowing in the divergent section of Laval nozzle were treated. The expansion ratio were 30, 600, and 2000. The specific heat ratio was 1.3. Two types of heat profile were considered; pulsed heat transfer (PHT) and distributed heat transfer (DHT). The relations of Rayleigh flow and isentropic change were used for PHT. The exhaust velocity is higher than the isentropic value in the case that the heat is provided near the throat. In other cases, the exhaust veolocity is less than the isentropic case. The equivalent point of heat transfer is introduced for DHT. Results of DHT is coincident with PHT by using this equivalent point. This results indicates that the effect with DHT can be predicted from PHT.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".