Laura Bear.<i>Lines of the Nation: Indian Railway Workers, Bureaucracy, and the Intimate Historical Self</i>.:Lines of the Nation: Indian Railway Workers, Bureaucracy, and the Intimate Historical Self.<i>(Cultures of History.)</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anglo-Indians (a term approximately equal in meaning to Eurasian, although limited to those with British and Indian ancestors) numbered roughly 143,000 in India in 1931. The community came to have a special, albeit enclaved, role in colonial India because of its disproportionately large presence in the railroad workforce. Approximately one-half of all Anglo-Indians came to be railroad employees or dependants thereof, most of whom lived in or near company towns, the “railroad colonies.” They became, in Laura Bear's view, a “railway caste,” whose formation and current predicaments form the main subject matter of her ethnographic history. The close connection to the colonial railroads, a preferential connection ended in 1960, made postcolonial India a difficult transition for the Anglo-Indians. Bear gives us a sensitive account of a subset of this community: those associated with the railroads of Eastern India. Central to this stimulating work is an examination of the intimate and public psycho-social world the Anglo-Indians made through their lives as railroad families: lives subjected to an authoritarian bureaucracy (itself an adjunct of the colonial state); enclaved lives situated in, but not fully of, India and the emerging national aspirations of many Indians. In particular, the author reveals the tension Anglo-Indians experienced from the fact that their jati (caste used in a very extended sense) and desh (roughly a homeland) identities were different from those of most Bengalis—and perhaps most Indians.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".