Canada, Criminal Appeals and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in the 1880s
Bibliographic record
Abstract
EnglishIn 1887 and 1888, the government of Canada enacted legislation to abolish criminal appeals to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. Exactly why the government took this action has been the subject of limited and somewhat contradictory analysis. An examination of the circumstances leading up to the passage of the legislation reveals that, after a series of problematic criminal cases, the federal government abolished such appeals for pragmatic reasons. A concern about the delay to the administration of justice was by far the most important consideration. Senior officials in both Ottawa and London believed that the enactment was necessary to improve the efficiency of the criminal justice process. Both the Colonial Office and Lord Chancellor’s office accepted and supported the Canadian legislation in principle, although they were uncertain as to whether it accomplished its objective. To avoid the appearance of interfering in the Dominion’s autonomy, they decided not to alert Canadian officials to their concerns about its validity. francaisEn 1887 et 1888, le gouvernement du Canada a adopte une loi visant a abolir les appels en matiere criminelle au Comite judiciaire du Conseil prive. La raison pour laquelle le gouvernement a pris cette mesure a fait l’objet d’une analyse limitee et quelque peu con trad icto ire. L’examen des circonstances qui ont mene a l’adoption de cette loi indique que suite a une serie de causes criminelles a problemes, le gouvernement federal a aboli ces appels pour des raisons pragmatiques. Le retard dans l’administration de la justice representait de loin la consideration la plus importante. Les hauts fonctionnaires, autant a Ottawa, qu’a Londres, estimaient qu’il etait necessaire de promulguer cette loi pour ameliorer l’efficacite de l’administration de la justice penale. L’office des colonies et le bureau du Grand chancelier ont tous deux accepte et appuye en principe la loi canadienne, bien qu’ils n’etaient pas certains que cela permettrait de realiser l’objectif. Afin d’eviter les apparences d’ingerence dans les affaires du Dominion, ils ont decide de ne pas informer les hauts fonctionnaires canadiens de leurs inquietudes quant a la validite de cette loi.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.039 | 0.022 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".