251 Net energy content of camelina cake fed to growing pigs and additivity of energy in mixed diets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine the DE, ME, and NE content of camelina cake (CC) and to test the hypothesis that dietary glucosinolates originating from CC will affect the additivity of energy in mixed diets containing different inclusion levels of corn, soybean meal (SBM), and CC. A total of 30 growing barrows [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] with an average body weight (BW) of 16.8 ± 1.4 kg (mean ± SD) were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment. Pigs were fed experimental diets for 16 d, including 10 d for adaptation and 6 d for total collection of feces and urine. The 5 experimental diets consisted of 3 corn-based diets to determine the DE, ME, and NE of the 3 ingredients (corn, SBM, and CC) and 2 mixed diets to test the additivity of DE, ME, and NE. The corn diet contained 97.52% corn, the SBM diet contained 67.52% corn and 30.0% SBM, the CC diet contained 67.52% corn and 30.0% CC, the Mixed1 diet contained 67.52% corn, 20.0% SBM, and 10.0% CC, and the Mixed2 diet contained 67.25% corn, 10.0% SBM, and 20.0% CC. Vitamins and minerals were included in the diets to meet or exceed the requirements for growing pigs (NRC, 2012). Pigs were fed their assigned diets at 550 kcal ME/kg BW0.60 per day on the basis of BW on d 1, 5, and 10, which was close to ad libitum intake. Pigs had free access to water. Determined DE, ME, and NE contents of corn and SBM were 3,348, 3,254, and 2,579 kcal/kg and 3,626, 3,405, and 2,129 kcal/kg, respectively, whereas, respective values for CC were 3,755, 3,465, and 2,383 kcal/kg. No differences between the predicted and determined DE, ME, and NE were observed in the two mixed diets. Differences between predicted and determined DE, ME, and NE values for the Mixed1 diet were 29, 13, and 20 kcal/kg, respectively. Respective values for the Mixed2 diet were 47, 38, and 38 kcal/kg (as-fed basis), respectively. In conclusion, the DE, ME, and NE of CC were 3,755, 3,465, and 2,383 kcal/kg, respectively. In addition, the observed additivity of energy values in the mixed diets indicates that the CC can be used to accurately formulate swine diets.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".