The Isolation of Metabolite Compounds from Seaweed (<i>Halimeda gracillis</i>) in the Waters of Teluk Lampung as a Source of Antibacterial Compounds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The isolation of secondary metabolites of seaweed Halimeda gracilis was conducted. Isolation begins with 2 kg macerated dried powder Halimeda gracillis in 8 L of n-hexane solvent followed by ethyl acetate and methanol for 3 days. The solvent was filtered and followed by evaporation. Separation and purification of the isolated compounds were done by using chromatography technique. Antibacterial activity was tested by the disc diffusion method with the bacteria E. coli , S. disentriae , and B. subtilis . Isolated compounds are in the form of white crystals. Based on the spectroscopy analysis data of UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and COSY, the pure compounds isolated are β-sitosterol from n-hexane extract and oleic acid from ethyl acetate extract. Isolated compounds and n-hexane extracts showed non antibacterial active, while the ethyl acetate extract showed weak antibacterial active on three test bacteria at a concentration of 200,000 ppm with clear zones of 9.47; 11.09; and 8.84 mm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".