"I'll be back:" Norms for prosocial behaviour and intention to return in sport camp groups
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There are many reasons why an individual might choose to return to a sporting situation, including aspects of the group environment. One group factor that may impact one’s decision to return is the individual’s perceptions of what others in the group are doing. One possible set of behaviours that might entice others to want to return to a group is prosocial behaviours, as it is not a stretch to envision that when group members are perceived as being supportive and helpful, one is likely want to return to the group. This study examined whether the norm for prosocial behaviour within a sport group would be related to intention to return to the same group, in youth participating in a one-week summer volleyball camp. Participants (N = 145), who were divided into 13 smaller independent groups for the duration of the camp, completed a questionnaire assessing individual perceptions of how many members within their small group displayed prosocial behaviours during the camp (4 items, modified from Kavussanu & Boardley, 2009), as well as two items assessing intention to return to that group for a future camp. As individual responses were nested within groups (ICC = .07), hierarchical linear modelling was used. Results indicated that the norm for prosocial behaviour was positively related to intention to return (β = .23, p = .01), explaining 5% of the variance, with variance occurring at both the individual (3.3%) and group (25.3%) level. The more individuals in the group were perceived to be providing positive feedback and encouraging others (i.e., prosocial behaviours), the more likely individual members reported wanting to return to the same group. Results of this study provide preliminary evidence that norms for one behaviour (prosocial) are associated with another individual behaviour (intention to return to that at group in the future).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".